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  1. Did Duleep Singh Embrace Christianity of His Own Free Will? Harbans Singh Noor Maharaja Dalip Singh before (left) and after (right) Conversion A hundred and fifty years ago, on March 8, 1853 14-year-old Maharaja Duleep Singh, son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and the last sovereign of the Khalsa Kingdom of Punjab, was proselytized into Christianity by the advice and consent of Lord Dalhousie, Governor General of India. The British put forth a lie that it was Maharaja’s own free will. Several scholars have found this presentation questionable, but it has not yet been nailed once for all. In this essay, an attempt has been made to present a proof positive that it was a devoted and missionary spirited Dr John Spencer Login, who got himself appointed as guardian of the 10-year-old Duleep Singh; wished and planned from day one to convert the lad, “young enough to mould” and “one who may yet influence so many thousands of people”. Following sequence of Login’s own words, from Lady Login’s book, Sir John Login and Duleep Singh, published in 1889, and from Lady Login’s Recollections, by Login’s daughter, E Dalhousie Login, illustrates how devoted a Christian John was, and how eager he always was to place copies of the Bible, in hands of Jews and ranking Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs. He was always anxious to be “useful” and he wanted his wife also to be “useful” to the cause of spreading Christianity. It was with Duleep Singh’s money, given by his guardian, Dr Login, that American Presbyterian Mission ran 10 schools in Farukhabad “Whereby 400 youth were thoroughly educated in the Christian faith and some were being fitted to evangelize their own people.” We also find how Login ‘connived’ with Bhajun Lai, a Hindu employee of the household, to bring the lad into the fold of Christianity. Conscious of the role he had played, the same Bhajun Lai tried to ‘blackmail’ Dr. Login to get rewarded for his ‘services’. He demanded such favours that Login could not have delivered under any circumstances, and finally succeeded in extracting sufficient cash, with which he established a flourishing business. Some of the other officers who helped Login in his scheme became victims of the wrath of inhabitants during the ‘Mutiny’ in 1857. Ten years before he came in contact with Duleep Singh, Dr John Login was posted in Herat. He was attached to Major D’Arcy Todd’s Mission to Shah Kamran. From there, he wrote to his mother on July 29, 1839: “I think I ought to remain here - a wide field of usefulness is open to me, and I may, through Divine blessing, be preparing a way for a Christian Mission in this centre of Asia ere long. ... “There are several families of Jews here. I had yesterday a long conversation with two of them; they were much delighted with the epistle of St Paul to the Romans [from the Bible] which I read to them in Persian.” In a footnote to this letter, Lady Login says: “As they appeared much delighted with the small tract which Login got one of the Rabbis transcribe for them, he was induced to employ the same man on a transcription of Martyn’s Persian Testament.... Thirteen years after [in 1852] Login had the happiness of learning that this last named Jew had through this work been led into the truth of the Gospel, and died as a Christian in Bombay - Ferriers Caravan Journey, p 123. ” Lady Login wires: During his residence in Herat, Dr Login often came in contact with the members of Shah Kamran’s household.... The needlework done by the ladies was beautiful, and they were always sending the specimens of their skill - embroidered vests, and quilted chogas and rasais. Covers were made for Login’s Bibles and Prayer Book, and this opportunity was made use of by him to send a Persian Testament to have a cover made of it; and when he found it bore marks of having been read (by whom he never discovered) he offered to exchange it for a volume of Hafiz’s poems, which was eagerly accepted... Login says: “The very first book in Pushtoo ever seen by Shah Kamran and his family was a New Testament which I had brought from India, and which had been published by the missionaries of Serampore in Persian characters.... It was in possession of Shahzadah Mohamed Yusef.... He had got it from me.... May I hope that it has been equally as useful as the Hebrew transcription.... In connection with this, I may mention, that I gave away several copies of Martyn’s Testament to people in Herat, and a Testament in Turki to Khalifa of Merv, a man of considerable sanctity among the Turcomans.” (Lady Login, Sir John Login and Duleep Singh, pp 36-38, - hereafter LL) This then is the portrait of John Login, who would be appointed guardian of 10-year-old Duleep Singh, deposed Maharaja of Punjab. Would the boy be able to hold his own, under Login’s care? Or, would he be coached, influenced, or brainwashed into making decisions? Punjab was annexed by the British on March 29, 1849, but Login was privy to the secret of planned annexation long before that. He was anxious to get charge of the 10-year-old Maharaja Duleep Singh. On March 18, he wrote to his wife in England: “I am not, of course, at liberty to tell you all I know, but Lawrence says that as it will be public in England soon, I may tell you this much - that annexation is determined on by the Governor General.” (LL, p 149) Again on March 28, he wrote: “I showed both Henry and John (Lawrences) the paper I drew up, and of which I sent you a copy, and I believe they have come to the conclusion to recommend me very strongly to Government for the charge of the young Maharaja Duleep Singh, when the Punjab is annexed.” (LL, p 149) After the Annexation On 6th of April 1849, Dr John Spencer Login was installed as Governor of the Lahore Citadel. The Maharaja, the Toshakhana and all the State prisoners, including Dewan Mool Raj, Governor of Multan, came under his charge. Login gave a Bible, in Persian, to Dewan Mool Raj, when he was locked up in Lahore Citadel1, for his trial. In return Mool Raj sent him a sheet of paper with “Ram, Ram, Ram” written on it. (LL, p. 171) Login wrote to his wife in 1850: “I told you, I think, that when at Lahore I had a letter from Lucknow, telling me of my old friend Azeemoolah’s death; he had written me only a few days before, asking my advice whether he should accept an appointment offered by the King. I advised him: “No”; that he had plenty already of this world’s goods, and that he should now take rest and time to think and prepare for the fate that must befall all men; that I wished him to compare what is written in his own books with what our Bible says (I had given him one) and ask God to give him light to understand and do His will.” (LL, p. 226) Now, as guardian of young Duleep Singh, Login misses no time at all in putting his plan into action. He starts teaching him precepts from the Bible. His favourite segment was Mathew from the New Testament. In a letter dated May 6 and 8, 1849 he wrote: It is an amusement to him [Duleep Singh] to have an English writing lesson with me, so I give him a precept to write out and translate, “Do unto others as you would they should do unto you.” [Mathew 7; 12] I intend. As I cannot put the Bible in his hands yet to let him have such principles as these.... (LL, p 159) Duleep Singh was too young and not in a position to ask him, if the British would have wanted the Sikhs to do to them, what they did to the Sikhs. On November 28, 1849 Login informed his wife: “I have just returned (two pm) from him [Lord Dalhousie], He “I have just returned (two pm) from him [Lord Dalhousie], He “I have just returned (two pm) from him [Lord Dalhousie], He told the Little Maharajah to Futtehghur; and that he wished much that I continue in charge of him there on my present allowances2 and do all that I could to make him comfortable.... told me that he did not wish to restrict me to Futtehghur, but that I might take him to Agra or Delhi...wherever I liked, and eventually to England in course of a year or two. I then had an opportunity of giving him my ideas of sending some Sikh nobles to England, and showing them something of our power and resources.” (LL, pp 188-89) Duleep Singh was taken from the Lahore Citadel to be exiled to Fatehgarh, District Farukhabad, in U.P. He was accompanied by his nephew, 6 year-old Kanwar Shiv Dev Singh, son of Maharaja Sher Singh - another lad Login wanted to convert. In Duleep Singh, Login saw the possibility of a medium to influence thousands more. On March 6, 1850 he wrote to his wife from Fatehgarh: “I am disappointed at having to leave Lahore, before arrival of Dr Duff, after having had so much to do these last few years in urging him to take up Punjab. He was much pleased at my sending him my subscription [Rs 500], as it showed him I was in earnest.” He was also anxious to seek the help of his wife in influencing the lad, who had been separated from his mother. “I shall be glad when you join me, for I cannot expect to have more than two or three years in which we can influence the young Maharajah’s mind favourably towards our domestic life; and I must not lose them on any account.... Is it not worth running some risk to health, by coming back so soon to occupy a position of such usefulness, towards one who may yet influence so many thousands of people?” On May 16, 1850 Dr Login wrote to his wife: “Since last writing I have seen the Governor General... I have spoken strongly about getting a good tutor looked for in England, for the boy; but I see that he thinks it would not be prudent to get Dr Duff to recommend one, as it might think that it was with the intention of making the lad a Christian, so I must do it through another channel... “If you see Dr Duff in Edinburgh, you can explain to him that Lord Dalhousie is afraid if he were asked to recommend a tutor that it might imply an interference with the boy’s religious faith; I trust, however, that God helping, we shall be enabled, as “written epistles” [.Bibles - written as letters - contained in the New Testament.] to manifest the spirituality and benevolence of a Christian life, if we cannot otherwise preach to him... “Observing that Guise, Barlow, Tommy Scott, and I have morning prayer together, he asked me to order his porohut (priest) to come to him also at a fixed hour daily to read in his holy book (the Grunth). This I think indicates devotional feeling, that may hereafter be directed aright;...” (LL, pp 216-17; Emphasis added) [Guise and Tommy Scott’s sister and brother were killed during the Mutiny in 1857.] On May 19, 1850 Login wrote to his wife: I have, it is true, all the pleasure, which I could desire, from the expenditure of the Maharaja’s money, quite as much as if it were my own. So much has been left to my discretion in the way of applying it. After putting his house and grounds in order, I intend to get up a school for the children all round Futtehghur, in which he can take an interest, and also find other ways to give him a taste for benefiting the poor, and making the people round him happy. A footnote reads as follows: “Within the last three months we have started a day-school for girls of respectable caste as an experiment. The Reverend Gopee Nath Nundy’s zealous and exemplary wife and daughter superintend it (vernacular and industrial). I look for great results eventually.” (LL, p 218; Emphasis added) [The Mission was destroyed by the mutineers in 1857.] There is no doubt that Dr Login was a benevolent zealous Christian. In a letter from Fatehgarh, July 16, 1850 Login wrote: “I have just been looking at my account at the Cawnpore Bank, and find it rather low. I have had rather unusual expenses since you left - I mean more than I calculated on. Besides paying the necessary subscriptions to the Funds (Bengal Military and Orphan), which, as you know are especially heavy in my case, I have had to pay, for instance: Dr Duff’s Mission in Punjab - 500 Rs. Brian Hodgson’s children - 250 Rs. Lahore Mission - 100 Rs. Church of Lahore - 100 Rs. Of course, this besides our various subscriptions as usual, such as: The Lawrence Asylum The Free Church Mission The C M Society [Church Missionary Society] I feel sorry indeed that I cannot engage [for Duleep Singh] the tutor, so highly recommended by Dr Duff.” Maharaja Duleep Singh had been betrothed, before the Second Anglo-Sikh War, to be married to the daughter of Sardar Chattar Singh Attariwala. Dr. Login wrote to the Governor General asking for advice in the matter. Duleep Singh was only 11 years old then. On April 13, Dalhousie wrote to Login: “The marriage of the Maharajah is a more difficult matter for us to arrange. I should object decidedly, and do not wish to countenance any relations henceforth between the Maharajah and the Sikhs, either by alliance with a Sikh family, or sympathy with Sikh feeling. The [11-year-old] Maharajah having personally desired to break off his betrothal with Chuttar Singh’s daughter, appears to have opinions of his own as to marriage. If he chooses to marry one of the Rajah of Coorg’s daughters, after having everything about her explained to him, I can’t see why he should not. There are two, one3 that His Highness wants to send to England, another about seven or eight for whom he does not propose English education.” (LL, pp 230-31) Now was the time to change the domestic staff, in line with needs and objectives. In a Memorandum to Lord Dalhousie, Login wrote: On departure from Lahore, Duleep Singh’s “retinue consisted principally of Mahomedans; and even the Sikh priests and many of the Brahmins ... declined to accompany him. “Soon after the Maharajah’s arrival at Futtehghar, his old servant Mean Kheema, a Mahomedan who had been with him ever since his birth, and was much attached to him (the same who advised him to sign the Treaty with a good grace), claimed his promise to let him return to his family and country; it became necessary, therefore, that I should appoint a trustworthy successor. Bhajun Lai, a young Brahmin of Furuckabad, was recommended, as being of excellent moral character, and having received a good education at one of the American Mission at Furruckabad.... “He could read and speak English fairly, which was a great recommendation to the young Maharajah, who was anxious to learn the language. He was therefore, installed as confidential personal attendant.” (LL, p 232) Lady Login arrived from England in December 1850. She had a Christmas present waiting for her. Mrs Login tells us: “It was whilst Login was away from his charge on this occasion that the Maharajah took an important step, by suddenly announcing his intention of embracing the Christian religion.... The whole subject gave rise to an extensive official correspondence...” (LL, p 241) Login submitted a long report and several statements from persons at Fatehgarh, acknowledging which Sir H. Eliot, Secretary to Government wrote to Login on February 17, 1851: “The Governor-General is entirely satisfied by this statement and by the documents transmitted in support of it, that no improper influence had, either directly or indirectly, been used by you, or by any of the English gentlemen who have been connected with His Highness’s establishment, to induce His Highness to abjure his original faith and to profess Christianity. His Lordship requests that his conviction on this head be made known to you and may by you communicated to others.” (LL, p 263) Lord Dalhousie reported the “case so important and so novel” to the Court of Directors, in England, for consideration. On June 11, 1851 Sir Henry Eliot conveyed to Login a letter from the Court of Directors saying: “We concur entirely in the views expressed by Lord Dalhousie.”(LL, p 265) Commenting on this letter from the Court, Sir Eliot wrote: “It is Governor-General’s wish, that if the Maharajah’s desire shall not have been a transient fancy, he should henceforth receive every aid and guidance which can be given to him.” (LL, p 265) Hence, after this, he was given every necessary aid and guidance to embrace Christianity - including chopping off his ‘long and abundant’ hair, and presenting them to Login’s wife. The Truth Behind the Coverup Here are some excerpts from Login’s statement and the supporting documents, which were sent by Login to the Governor-General, to show that conversion was Duleep Singh’s own decision, and that he had no involvement in it. Login used his co-conspirator Bhajun Lai’s statement for coverup. Also presented were letters from Duleep Singh, written for him by Bhajun Lai. Duleep Singh’s letter of December 2, 1850 to Login, when he was at Calcutta, to receive his wife coming from England, said: “Will you kindly send me a nice Bible, for I like very much to read, because yesterday [December 1] Bhajun Lai read to me...” (LL, p 249) His letter dated December 7 said: “I have begun to read the Bible. And generally read one or two chapters.” On December 20, 1850 Captain J Campbell (7th Madras Cavalry) thus reported to the Government: “On Sunday, the 8th inst., His Highness the Maharajah communicated to me through Master Thomas Scott, his desire to become a Christian, as he termed it...” It is strange that Duleep Singh, to whom Bible was read for the first time on December 1, ‘decided’ to become a Christian on December 8. One also wonders why Captain Campbell did not wait for the Maharaja’s guardian, Dr Login to report his ward’s decision to the Government. Was it an emergency or was it preplanned? Bhajun Lai in his statement given to Login said: “When the Maharaj began to learn out of an English book, by the name of “English Instructor.” There were some lines at the back end of the book with a few words about Christian religion. Yu [Dr Login] once said to Maharaj, “These are records about Our religion; if you want to read them, then read; if you don’t want to read, then leave them” but His Highness say to me, :Never mind, I will read them, because I want to know everything; then they were read... “Now, Sahib, after sometime you went to Calcutta. Maharaj saw one copy of Holy Bible into my hand, and asked of me, “Will you sell this over to me?” I replied and said, “Maharaj, I don’t want to sell it to you, but I can present you, if you can read a chapter out of it without any assistance.” So he did read, and I presented. After some short time, he asked me to read to him, and let him hear it, and according to his orders I did read. First day I read 6th4 chapter St. Mathew, and few others during the week...” (LL, p 246) Bhajun Lai did not mention the role he had played in creating prejudice in young lad’s mind about the truth of Hindu religion, though he himself was a Brahmin. He used the same method, which Christian missionaries usually employed - i.e., telling tall tales from Hindu mythology and tradition. Login’s daughter tells us : “This young man [Bhajun Lai] was aware...that he [Duleep Singh] was skeptical with regard to many of the “pious stories” in the Shastras, e.g., that of the virtuous Rajah who distributed daily in alms ten thousand cows before he broke his fast, and yet came short of eternal salvation, because his servants, unknown to him, had placed amongst the daily tale of cows one that had already been numbered in the charitable dole!” (E Dalhousie Login, Lady Login’s Recollections, p 95, - hereafter EDL) In December 1851, Lord Dalhousie visited Fatehgarh, and dined with Logins and Duleep Singh. [Later, on April 18, 1854 Dalhousie presented to Duleep Singh, a Bible as his parting gift.] We are told that: When at length [Duleep Singh’s] hair was allowed to be cut off and he brought it to Mrs. Login as a memento; it was long and abundant as a woman’s.” (LL, p 278) With offer of his beautiful hair at the altar of his guardians, not only Logins but also others who had played their overt or covert role in this endeavour felt a sense of achievement. Maharaja now became favourite of all the British officials. He was taken round to Agra, Delhi, Meerut, Saharanpur, Aligarh, etc. He was a trophy on display at all Military stations. He and the Logins spent the summer of 1852 in Mussoorie hills. Login’s wish of getting back to England had not yet been fulfilled. Now was the time to push for it. He had more than earned it. On September 24, 1852 Lord Dalhousie recommended to Dr Login, immediate baptism of Duleep Singh: “I am advocate for his [Duleep Singh’s] going to England, and shall do my best to persuade the Court to it; and if it should help in marriage between him and little Coorg.5 “If Duleep Singh is to go to England, let him be quietly baptized and by his own name of Duleep Singh. Indeed I am prepared to advise his being baptized now.”(LL, p 296) Now Login had obtained advice and consent of the Governor- General. On March 8, 1853 Maharaja Duleep Singh, not even 15 years old, was baptized “in his own house. In the presence of about twenty of the European residents of Futtehghur, and about an equal number of the Maharajah’s principal native servants, who had been invited to attend.” Lady Login says: ”At the last moment, by a happy inspiration, I made the suggestion that there would be a special appropriateness in the use of Ganges water for the sacred rite, seeing the veneration in which the Ganges (Ganga-jee) is held by all Hindoos.” (EDL, pp. 96-97) Proselytizing Sikh Maharaja Duleep Singh, the last sovereign of Punjab, was a feather in Lord Dalhousie’s cap also. On March 16, 1853 the Governor-General wrote: “I regard it as a remarkable event in history and in every way gratifying.” (LL, p 307) Lady Login, perhaps justifiably, blames the Sikhs for not having made efforts for Duleep Singh’s religious education. She says: “As a matter of fact, very little effort was made by his own people to instruct him in the Sikh religion. Though every inducement was made them, very few of his Sikh attendants, none of his Sikh priests, or Grunt’hees, and even one Brahminporohut (family priest) consented to come with him from Lahore. The last-named had been prevailed on by Login with difficulty, making many conditions.” (EDL, p 94) On January 31, 1854 Lord Dalhousie wrote to Login: “I have just received the Court’s leave for the Maharajah to go to England.” (LL, p 318) Duleep Singh had been baptized; and Login had high hopes in his nephew Kanwar Shiv Dev Singh also falling in line. But he was still under his mother’s control, who saw the Kanwar, next in succession to Duleep Singh. Login proposed to the Governor General that Duleep Singh should not be separated from his nephew Shiv Dev Singh. Dalhousie had already written to Login in his letter of November 29, 1853: “You give so many good reasons why the Shahzadah should go with His Highness, if he goes to England, that no objection will be made by Government. In that case all your arrangements will be approved.”(LL, pp 317-18) In February 1854, Dalhousie wrote to Login: “No objection will be raised to the Shahzadah going to England, if the Maharajah desires it.” (LL, p 323) When Login told the Kanwar to get ready to go to England, his mother sent a strong protest to the Governor General, accusing Login of his moves to convert the Shahzadah also to Christianity. In March 1854, Login received a letter from the Governor General: “I have sent you a huge memorial from the mother of the Brat [Shiv Dev Singh] you have brought, accusing you of many enormities, of which child-stealing is the least!” (LL, p 328) As a result of the mother’s protest, the idea of taking the Shahzadah to England was dropped. In an official letter of April 18, 1854 Login was informed: “The Government entirely acquits you of attempting to influence the Shahzadah’s religion.” Bhajun Lai’s Payoff Bhajun Lai was conscious of the role he had played, in league with Login, to convert the young Duleep Singh to Christianity; and the following cover up. He was hoping to go to England with the Maharajah. He knew that Login would not refuse to comply with his wishes. But, his parents would not allow him. Lady Login tells us: “Bhajun Lai up to this time [1854] had fully determined to go to England with his master; but his people knew well that if he did so, he would take the opportunity of declaring himself a Christian; they were therefore bent on preventing his going. His convictions were very strong; but in his own case he had not the courage to throw off the bondage of Hindooism, though he had helped the Maharajah in his decision with all the energy of which his nature was capable.” (Emphasis added) Bhajun Lai’s parents were conscious of the hand in glove relationship that the ‘confidential’ employee of the household had with the Guardian. They wanted to cash that relationship. Lady Login writes: “On the occasion of his [Bhajun Lai’s] brother’s marriage he was induced by his father to prefer a request that in the public [marriage] procession through the city the sawaree/cavalcade of His Highness, i.e. the horses, carriages, and elephants, should form a prominent feature, and that the Maharajah’s tents, etc., should also be lent in which to celebrate the wedding festivities.” Evidently, the first part of this fantastic demand was ludicrous. To any other person, Login would have not only flatly refused, but would also have administered a rebuke for making such a proposal. But Login understood, Bhajun Lai wanted a payoff, for the role he had played in Maharaja’s conversion and the cover up, since the Maharaja and the Logins would soon be off to England. Login was in no position to honour such a demand. He cleverly wriggled out of the predicament with the excuse that the bridegroom and the bride were of a tender age. “He told Bhajun Lai that he could only grant his request on one of two conditions, viz., either the marriage was deferred, until the bride and bridegroom were of an age to understand the importance of the contract they were about to enter into (in which case, besides the loan of the things asked for, the Maharajah would bestow a sum of money to set up the young people up in the world), or else, a bond or agreement should be given to the young girl, to the effect that, in the event of her boy-husband dying while she was still marriageable, she should be permitted to select another partner for herself, from among the widowers or unmarried youth of her husband’s family.” (LL, p 321) Bhajun Lai’s family’s demand was fantastic, but it amounted merely temporary pomp and show, which was not worth submitting to Login’s long lasting conditions contrary to Brahmin customs. “Poor Bhajun Lai, in whom family affection and love of money were equally ruling passions, was persuaded by his relatives to send in his resignation, and thus cut himself adrift from his chance of becoming a Christian. ... A handsome present of money and a horse were given to him on leaving.... “It may be as well to mention here all that is known of the later history of Bhajun Lai. He wrote occasionally to Dr Login, but his letters were full of money-getting; he became a bunniah in the city of Furruckabad, and at the time of the Mutiny proved himself faithful, and was of great use, though he was unable to save the property of the Maharajah from loot and destruction. He is now the head of the great firm of tentmakers at Futtehghur (Bhajun Lai & Co). (LL, pp 321-22) In response to the complaint by Shiv Dev Singh’s mother, Sir H Elliot, Secretary to the Government, wrote to Login: “You will inform the Ranee that the Raj of the Punjab is to end forever, and that any contemplation of the restoration of her son, or of anybody else to sovereignty there is a crime against the State, It is her duty to instruct him [Shiv Dev Singh] accordingly. If on any future occasion, either she or her son is detected in expressing or entertaining expectations of restoration to power, or to any other position than that which he now occupies, the consequences will be immediate and disastrous to his interests.” [LL, p 276) Duleep Singh sailed for London on March 19, 1854. Dalhousie gave him a Bible as a parting gift. (LL, p 330) En route, the party stopped in Egypt; visited Cairo and Alexandria. “While at Cairo he was taken round to visit the American Mission Schools6, and was greatly interested to see so many orphan girls being educated in Christian religion.” (LL, p 332) Login was Knighted by Queen Victoria. Duleep Singh was given by her a status equal to that of an English Prince, and he was considered chief of the native princes of India. Rest of the story is beyond the subject of this essay. However, it is worth noting that Duleep Singh became very bitter, after fighting the East India Company, for years, and failing to get any compensation for his personal properties, left in Punjab; for his property destroyed by the mutineers in Fatehgarh (U P) and for revision of his annual allowance, keeping in view an average of 200,000 pounds a year surplus, in Punjab revenues, to which he was entitled through the Treaty of Bhyrowal - “Five-Lakh-Fund”/400,000 to 500,000 rupees a year, for him and his dependants. At one time Duleep Singh’s lawyer told Lady Login: “..The India Office do not seem to be very communicative, and in private they are only abusive -1 may say, vulgarly abusive! ...They can be shown to be in the wrong; but to attain redress is another question.” (EDL, p. 254) On the way to Renunciation of Christianity and back to Sikhism Login-appointed Brahmin teachers at Fatehgarh used to tell tall tales from Hindu tradition and Hindu mythology, to create disbelief in truth of Hindu religion. Similarly, Duleep Singh took advantage of his knowledge of the Bible to quote from scriptures and ridicule Christian pronouncements. “He [Duleep Singh] used his acquaintance with the Scriptures, even at this juncture, in a mere profuse quotation of texts, torn from their contexts, and with an utter irrelevance to their meaning, which produced an effect of profanity.” (EDL, Lady Login’s Recollections, p 264) Maharaja Duleep Singh’s plans to return home fail but he succeeds in fulfilling his wish to re-embrace Sikhism Maharaja’s financial position was very precarious. He considered himself poor, yet he had to maintain the status of a Prince. Since 1858, after coming of age, he was allowed 25,000 pounds a year. He had to pay every year 5,654 pounds for interest on 198,000 pounds that had been loaned to him for a residence, by the Government. There were other heavy deductions, such as 3,000 pounds for insurance on his life, and substantive amounts towards pensions for the widows of Sir John Login, and Colonel Oliphant, who had risen to Login’s position after his death. That reduced his income so much that he could not keep up his establishment at Elvedon, which Government had arranged to sell at his death. He thought it advisable to move to India, where on his present means, he believed, he and his children would enjoy greater advantage than in England, (EDL, p 249) He was also determined to re-embrace Sikhism. “On August 23, 1884, he announced his departure for India, as he could not otherwise undergo all the rites of re-initiation as a Sikh!” (EDL, p 256) In March 1886 Maharaja Duleep Singh publicly announced, from England, his plans to come to Punjab, and issued an appeal to his countrymen to help him. In April 1886, he sailed for India by S S Verona, with his wife Maharani Bamba, and their six children - three sons: Victor Albert Jay, 20; Frederick Victor, 18; Albert Edward, 7; and three daughters: Bamba Sophia Jindan, 17; Catherine Hilda, 15; and Sophia Alexandria. Before leaving for India, he had wound up his affairs in England, closed his house and decided to live in India, “because with his limited resources, he could not maintain his position in England. Living in India would be cheaper.” The only condition imposed on him was that he would not be allowed to visit or live in Punjab. When the ship arrived at Aden, on April 21, 1886 the British Resident in London, Brigadier General AST Hogg went up the ship and told Duleep Singh that he could not proceed further, under orders from Lord Dufferin, Governor-General of India. After fruitless negotiations, 43 days later, on June 3, 1886, Duleep Singh left on a French ship, for Marseilles, France. His family had left for England on May 6, 1886. At the time of starting from England, he had planned to re-embrace Sikhism, fully, by taking Pahul at theAkal Takht, or at Hazur Sahib, Nanded. Since, that was not possible, he took Pahul (initiation ceremony with a double-edged sword) with permission of the Viceroy, at Aden, on May 25, 1886. Notes Dr Login was given the charge of Lahore citadel, but he stretched his hands much farther. On February, 20,1850, Bhai Nihal Singh Muhtmid of “Guru” Sadhu Singh Sodhi of Kartarpur reported to Deputy Secretary to the Board of Administration, Punjab, that Dr Login had taken away his Grantb (the original Kartarpuri Bir of Guru Granth Sahib), and begged that it may be restored to him. After negotiations the Granth Sahib was returned - but not the “Golden Charpoy" on which the Granth Sahib formerly rested. Another volume of “Baba JT [Granth Sahib) taken from Bhaees Ram Singh and Nidhan Singh of Mangat was also returned, in August 1850. The “Golden Charpoy” must have been returned later. (See: Nahar Singh, Documents relating to Guru Gobind Singh’s Swords and Sacred Books of the Sikhs in England, 1967; The Punjab Past and Present, VHI,I- ii, pp 287-313). Login was paid Rupees 1,200 per month - half from Government of India funds and half from the annual income of the Maharaja. (LL, p 202) This young Coorg Princess when arrived in England was converted to Christianity. Efforts were made to get her married to Duleep Singh, but the plan did not materialize. But when praying, do not say the same things over and over again just as the people of the nations do, for they imagine they will get a hearing for their use of many words. (Mathew 6; 7) “This would have meant for Duleep Singh: Do not say: Ram, Ram; Wahiguru, Wahiguru, etc.” “You must pray this way: Our Father in the heaven...” (Mathew 6; ? Little Coorg - daughter of Maharaja of Coorg, had recently been baptized in London, sponsored by Queen Victoria, giving the girl her own name Victoria Gouramma. Later, in England efforts were made to get the princess married to Duleep Singh but Duleep Singh refused. He was interested in a British girl, related to Login, but Lady Login did not agree. Ten years later, in 1864, when Duleep Singh was returning from India, after immersing the ashes of his mother Rani Jindan, in the waters of Narbada at Nasik, he came to one of these schools in Alexandra, to hurriedly get himself a wife, because he had taken a fifty pound bet with Lady Login that he would get married by June 1, 1864. “I promise to pay Lady Login 50 pounds if I fail to get married by June 1, 1864. — Duleep Singh”. (E Dalhousie Login, Lady Login’s Recollections, p 234) Duleep Singh did not know the 15-year-old bride’s language, and she did not know his. Source - Connecting the Dots in Sikh History by Harbans Singh Noor
  2. While doing some research came across this old article from 2006 in indian outlook magazine below. interesting...I wonder how many of these lot were part of covert black cat indian/punjab government terrorist gangs in 80s/90s punjab. And how many were recruited as part of India's military R&AW's super secret "the third agency" murdering innocent civilians and also actively taking part in the Sikh genocides. The rabbit hole of deep rooted conspiracy against Sikhs just gets more stranger and more enlightening. ====================== Dead Or Alive? Many 'dead' Punjab terrorists are still living. But most of them prefer to stay 'killed'. Chander Suta Dogra 13 March 2006 Tribhuvan Tiwari Call it a case of dead men walking. But terrorists who were believed to have given up their ghosts years ago are coming back to life in Punjab. While some have been ‘reborn’ as helpers of top police officers, many others are surfacing in their villages, embarrassing police officials who took credit for killing them. In fact, the Punjab police, widely credited with crushing the Khalistan movement, is virtually scurrying for cover as former terrorists are beginning to roam the countryside once more. ‘Dead’ terrorists are even challenging the police for declaring them so. Gurnam Singh of Bundala village, Ferozepur district, fled the Golden Temple days before Operation Bluestar. In 1994, he was declared killed in an encounter in Ropar district. However, as Gurnam told Outlook, "I was living all along under the assumed name of Surjit Singh at Mansandwala village in Majitha district. In 1998, the police learned of my true identity and arrested me." But not before the 1994 ‘killing’ had earned the Ropar police a reward and the 1998 arrest fetched promotions for a couple of Tarn Taran police officials. "The then DGP, P.C. Dogra, had promised that he would enquire into my ‘death’, but nothing has happened. If now the police say that my death was a mistake, why did people claim rewards for it?" he asks. More bizarre is the case of Harpreet Singh ‘Happy’ of the Babbar Khalsa. Not only was he ‘killed’ in an encounter in 1992, the police even handed over the ‘remains’ of his cremated body to his kin. His brother Dalbir Singh told Outlook: "In 1995, we came to know that he was alive and advised him to go to the court to challenge his ‘death’." Harpreet petitioned the Punjab and Haryana High Court with his claim of being alive and the court directed the police to enquire into his ‘killing’. But Harpreet is once again on the run. He fears police harassment, he told this correspondent from his place of hiding. Says his advocate Ranjan Lakhanpal: "The police have charged him in many false cases, including murder, to get back at him for exposing them." Driven to despair, Harpreet says he would rather be dead. He had compiled a book of his poems called After I Died. It’s one of the few things the family keeps to remember their son by. Narain Chaura, a Khalistani currently on bail, says, "The movement is dead. What do they have to fear?" Jagdish Singh Deeshe is another terrorist to have been ‘killed’ in 1993. A police officer was awarded a medal and the Rs 5 lakh award for the ‘effort’. In 2004, however, Jagdish fell into the hands of the police and was sent to jail. Twice condemned, he wrote to the President last October for action against the cop who claimed the medal and the cash prize for his ‘death’. That many terrorists believed to have been killed in encounters are living incognito inside and outside Punjab was something diehard Khalistanis, as also human rights organisations, have known for quite some time. What is less known is how the police themselves have illegally ‘helped’ a chosen few in their rehabilitation. Sukhwinder Singh ‘Sukhi’, once an ‘area commander’ of the Khalistan Liberation Force (KLF), was declared dead in police records. But he was found living in Jalandhar under a new name—Harjit Singh Kahlon. All the cases against him have been closed as ‘untraced’, and Sukhi enjoys the patronage of none other than the DGP, Punjab Police, S.S. Virk. As for his rehabilitation package, not only does it include a tours and travel business, but also accommodation in government complexes in Jalandhar and Ludhiana. This when former militants like him are still wanted in old cases of terrorism and have for several years remained proclaimed offenders. DGP Virk says that there are at least 300 such ‘rehabilitated’ terrorists who have been extended police help because of the assistance they have rendered in fighting terrorism. "They are the unsung heroes who deserve sympathy and gratitude," he says. So what if there is no legal provision to rehabilitate those wanted in serious crimes. Sarabjit Singh, who was DGP in Punjab police from 1999 to 2000, is livid. Talking to Outlook, he said, "The DGP can exercise considerable discretion while recruiting policemen and can relax physical criteria in deserving cases. But the discretion does not extend to waiving the police verification of candidates or recruiting them under false names. Clearly verification of these people was either not done or was fabricated." Besides, he points out, "How can you exonerate these people of the crimes committed by them? The unwritten rule was that terrorists-turned-police informers were to be dealt with leniently. Some, who were not killers, were taken into the police as spos. If their conduct was good, they were inducted as constables but certainly not without proper verification." Kewal Singh of the Khalistan Commando Force is a cop in Jalandhar now. His family doesn’t discuss his past. Outlook visited one such constable at House No. F25 in Chhoti Baradari in Jalandhar. Once the dreaded terrorist Kewal Singh of the KCF, he today wears the respectable veneer of constable Satnam Singh. His wife Manjit Kaur refused to answer any queries except to say that her husband is in the police, but his neighbours did say that Satnam and Sukhi were in touch with each other. Sukhi, in fact, was staying in the same colony till a couple of years ago. He has since shifted to a bigger house in a civilian locality. Other Sukhi associates have also had it good. Balkar Singh (Bittu) and Nimma John have been recruited into the police. Nimma now works in the intelligence wing of Ludhiana police and goes by the name of Nirmaljit Singh. Tinu Bajwa alias Satbir Singh is another former terrorist who once operated with Sukhi but who now lives in a police colony in Ludhiana. Ever since his cover was blown, Sukhi is being closely guarded by the police. When Outlook interviewed him in a Chandigarh market, he was accompanied by an armed escort. Asked about it, he says he and his ilk need protection from Khalistanis who may still be active. But, as Narain Singh Chaura, a Khalistani currently out on bail, says, "The movement is dead. All its protagonists are toothless. Daljit Bittu is the most dreaded of the former terrorists and Sukhi attended his wedding last year. So, what does he have to fear?" With dead terrorists tumbling out of police cupboards alive, the obvious question is: whose bodies were shown as dead? The Khalsa Action Committee (KAC), a human rights organisation, had compiled a list of 1,838 bodies illegally cremated by the Punjab police during the heyday of terrorism. And activists see a possible link between this list of the missing and the ‘dead’ terrorists. Meanwhile, for those stuck between death and life, the courts are the only recourse. They are seeking protection from the Punjab and Haryana High Court "as they might be eliminated by the police anytime to protect themselves". There would be no escaping this death.
  3. The point I'm making is when protests in a climate of pandemic but are allowed to occur, when dodgy groups like BLM are given funded by jewish billionaires like george soros. And jewish zionist financiers are giving money to the likes of right wing nationalists like tommy Robinson and his supporters. We can see how events are being manipulated on the chess board to bring about a clash.
  4. Banning media news organizations no matter how much they may hate them smacks of a totalitarian state not a genuine free society democracy. When the UK banned Iranian "press TV" and was thinking of banning RussiaTV (RT) it pushed itself further into fascism and totalitarian state. Leading itself down a slippery slope. We all know India is a totalitarian state with limited freedoms and rights for the average working class citizen let alone minorities. So definitely it all should be challenged. They keep passing laws that people are not protesting against and thats the problem. The more unjust anti-freedom laws they pass in the guise of fighting anti-national news or terrorism the less genuine unbiased journalism there will be and the less free people will be to report on corruption of the ruling elites.
  5. Very relevant information knowing the climate of terror, lies and propaganda that was spread by the Indian state back then and to this day.
  6. When statues are toppled of former celebrated figures by one group of people it often angers the group of people who put up the statue. The right wing white nationalist people of the west feel they are being replaced demographically by far left Marxists, blacks, other people of colour and muslims on behest of jewish zionists powers and the ruling elite in western establishments. They feel their white women are being taken by the black and muslim men and feel their whole identity and existence is at stake. And in history if we see what happened during the fall of saddam in iraq and the soviet union and Yugoslavia with statues of Lenin being toppled eventually civil war followed.
  7. Sikh missionaries need to be doing Sikhi parchar to punjabi hindus, muslims and christian to bring them into Sikhi. Look at christian missionaries they are ruthlessly exploiting the minds of the most poorer-est and vulnerable hindu sikh community's. So they are being allowed by the indian establishment and punjab govt to freely convert the people to oppress and subdue true punjab true punjabiyat which is sikhi. If these Sikh missionaries are doing parchar to Sikhs nearly all the time then we can question their true motives. Are they part of us or part of the establishment trying to weaken and destory Sikhi. We know DDT's dhumma is an indian establishment agent he was sitting on stage with murderer of Sikhs indian punjabi muslim azar alam (who in the 90s as directer of punjab police murdered sikh youths and was caught trying to convert sikh boys to islam). Dhumma was also caught sitting in the feet and lap of badal's. The gadari and selling out never ends with these clowns in punjab.
  8. Granted they did a few things for the kaum in mid 60s to late 70s. The akali dal morcha's especially stop the grain agitations were beginning to bite and thats where rajiv gandhi recommended DDT's sant bhindranwale to his mother indira to divide the Sikhs especially the akali's and project him as the militant voice of Sikhs in late 70s. Meanwhile the indian establishment were conducting covert state terrorism attacks throughout punjab via super secret "the third agency" and sant bhindranwale was being blamed and had become the fall guy for what was really being planned. So i'm not gonna knock all of akali dal however certain agents within the akali dal such as badal, tohra,harchand,etc did sell out to save their own lives. They definitely were dodgy, their roles were complicit if not directly then indirectly inviting the indian army into darbar sahib whether knowingly or unknowingly the deep rooted conspiracy that was already planned by indira's congress against them and the sikhs of punjab. I'm guessing covert secret R&AW pro-india militants (pretending to be Sikh separatists) scared the akali dal politicians so much that these guys they were convinced something had to be done and they were compelled to bend over and call for help from indira to come to their rescue, just as how she wanted and planned it. Basically everyone got played apart from the establishment elites in power who were pulling strings from above in a very clever deadly chess game. As the old saying goes in war the first victim is often the truth. As we uncover and unravel the documents of the past we get a better understanding and clearer view of what was really going on.
  9. Exactly, racism, tribalism and colourism is within all societies world wide. To make it as if blacks are not racist and can not be racist will not address the issue of racism and wont call a spade a spade. When blacks talk about their racism they suffered we should be sympathetic but also realise that they also call our racial groups out sometimes for racism. And thats when we should highlight all the black racism that indians/asians have suffered under their hands. We need to balance the narrative up so that they get a mirror in their face and see we face just as much racism and violence if not more from the black community than other way around. This is why we should never jump on the bandwagon of black lives matter. Rather we should fight on the common cause of trying to limit and defeat racism from ALL of societies. It will never happen because racism is tribalism and humans are tribal by nature but we can all try suppress those feelings of tribalism based on race and ethnicity as much as we possibly can.
  10. Some more information i've found on super secret indian intelligence outfit "the third agency" of R&AW and their other role in creating, funding, arming and training LTTE tamil tigers insurgency in sri lanka
  11. Hinduism has alot of dark/black southern india dravidian roots in their heritage. Krishna is depicted blue which means black, so is shiva as is vishnu. It is only when invaders from central asia and british christian empire came to india did they get more of this colourism complex and racial superiority over the darker indian peoples and tribes amoungst them. Crazy thing is even black Afro-carribean people prefer lighter shades of black (its called colorism( and alot of black men are dating/marrying out by getting with white people. Alot of black women are feeling discriminated and unattractive whereas their men are getting all the benefits of being black in the current popular culture they feel they aint getting any of that because the social and racial dynamics are not in their favor especially in the dating scene. I was watching documentary in south africa where black guys were lightening their skin with skin bleaching products when asked why they said it made them look more attractive and even the lighter skin black women who they were dating said they prefered lighter skin black guys. To be honest generally the lighter skin of tone of skin is the most attractive and preferred amoung all racial groups. I've had black friends mock black people who are lighter or darker than them. I've seen beef between jamacians and nigerians because Jamaicans feel they look lighter and racially better (alot having mixed white european slave owner blood in them) than their darker Nigerian african counter parts.
  12. Racism is within all communities, not gonna excuse the racism within asian communities because its evidently there and its wrong. However we must also acknowledge that there's plenty of black racists and supremacists out there just look at youtube and social media at some of their views and incidents against non-black people. Alot of people of indians and asian heritage witnessed and suffered from black racism and violence growing up in the west. Edi amin the brutal racist African black dictator ethnically cleansed all the indians/pakistani's/asians from uganda. Alot of the ugandan asians still to this day do not speak up of the horrendous crimes that happened against them just because of their race. Similar things happened to kenyan asians and tanzania asians in 1970s-80s And its real life experiences from racism and attacks from the black community that form some of those negative views about them from the indian community. Just like real life experiences from what racist white imperialists did in india and punjab that formed the negative view of white people generally until indians left india and migranted to the west and learnt not all white people are bad and oppressors. And black peoples negative views of white people are formed everytime a cop kills them unjustly and they are not given a job purely based on the colour of their skin or race. So racism is just not ignorance but also a negative perception because of what a person or persons may have experienced from another racial group. As for the protests going on in the west against racism. I am all for it, as there is endemic systemic racist policies in place in the west that deny people of colour to progress in employment and equal status in western white centric society. Also these racist policies from the european establishments filter down to oppression and illegal foreign wars and covert state funded terrorist operations to undermine the progression of non-european countries and peoples around the world.
  13. Bit more clearer but still not able to read the 2nd page properly. From what I gather it makes it pretty clear how brazen how proud the military intelligence within the indian establishment was of stoking violence, allowing aiding and abetting bombings, killings and weapons flowing freely to darbar sahib. We know from letters from indira gandhi to Margret thatcher that the indian's had secret team of indian commando units stationed within the sangat of darbar sahib back before in feb 1984. The article appears to also allege the attack on darbar sahib was an attempt to cover up indira gandhi loyalist "the third agency" involvement in seditious and terrorist crimes. I am guessing here, but to me it appears plan of operation blue star looked like to kill almost everyone in darbar sahib because maybe they had lost control of some former agents of the pro-india "third agency" who had perhaps switched sides? And the ransacking of Sikh reference library was an attempt to find and hide the evidence of Indira's indian government involvement in crimes between hindus and sikhs in punjab. When they couldn't do that it was set on fire and destroyed but not before they had taken away everything including all the important historical religious artifacts and documents still held in CBI vaults to this very day. "To legitimise the attack, according to Subramaniam Swami—-a member of the Indian Parliament—-the central government had created a disinformation campaign. In his words, the state sought to “make out that the Golden Temple was the haven of criminals, a store of armory and a citadel of the nation’s dismemberment conspiracy.” The Surya magazine published a special report detailing how the Third Agency, a special intelligence outfit created by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi’s Secretariat, R. Shankaran Nair, was instrumental in smuggling most of the arms inside the Darbar Sahib. “One week before the Army action, Punjab police had intercepted two truck loads of weapons and ammunition in the Batala sub-division of Gurdaspur district. But the officer of the Third Agency, in-charge of Amritsar, persuaded the director-general of police (DGP) to release them and send them along safely to the Golden Temple.” There are claims that Sikh leaders such as Dr. Jagjit Singh Chohan, Harchand Singh Longowal, Didar Bains, Ganga Singh Dhillon, much of the Akali Dal leadership, and others were complicit in the attack on the Golden Temple " The R&AW agents of "the third agency" are also blamed for air india bombing in 1985. The book soft target alleges that one of their agents was talwinder singh parmer who was part of the same group of Babbar khalsa militants pictured at darbar sahib pre 1984. But some how miraculously escaped the carnage as he was in german jail and conveniently released in july 1984, managed to get to canada and form BKI where he along with surjan singh gill (a now exposed CSIS Canadian intelligence agent). Then plotted away for the air india attack. The indian authorities extradited parmer and allegedly tortured and killed him in 1992. Whether he was an unwitting pawn helped along by R&AW in the agenda or a trained agent asset for india remains open to debate. In 2003, Ranjit Nanda, a former inspector for the Central Bureau of Investigation, (CBI) turned whistleblower and revealed he was part of a five member team which scrutinized the documents at the CBI's makeshift office at Amritsar's Youth Club. Ranjit Nanda revealed that officials from his department were "desperately looking for a purported letter written by Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister, to Jarnail Singh Bhinderanwale", and reported seeing letters from the other leaders addressed to Jarnail Singh Bhinderanwale. Manjit Calcutta, a former secretary of the SGPC, corroborated Nanda's version of events but further alleged that the army set the library "on fire in desperation when it failed to find the letter". We know that some young militant people who took part in such indian state sanctioned killings were turban wearing "Sikhs" who blamed their activities on orders of sant bhindranwale. Virsa Singh Valtoha's "evidence" was used as propaganda and reason enough to declare sant bhindranwale was ordering the killings of innocents and thus became a projected hate figure, a mass killer of everyone in punjab just as the congress govt wanted. Yet that same person when caught by the army in 1984 operation blue star was allowed to live by the indian authorities no action appears to have been taken. Again strangely the same Virsa Singh Valtoha allegedly took part in kharku militant occupation of darbar sahib, where during army attack in 1987 operation black thunder he publicly surrendered to armed forces commanded by avjit doval and kps gill and again was not harmed. The same person then became a political figure for the akali dal and now on trial in indian courts for a 1983 murder case. We know there was some alleged disagreements between militant forces at darbar sahib which forced Sant bhindranwale and his loyalists like general shabeg Singh to seek sanctuary at sri akal takht sahib. Could those same militant forces have been R&AW indian commando agents of "the third agency"? The target of indira's govt was always the Akal takht sahib it seems. The indian establishment need sant bhindranwale to relocate there as to give the justification and pretext for its destruction by tanks. It was there target always because the authority of the Sikhs came from there and thats what they wanted crushed. General SK Sinha, who was asked by then PM Indira Gandhi to plan the attack at the Golden Temple, had reservations over the proposal. He sought premature retirement in 1983 on being superseded by Lt Gen AS Vaidya for the post of Army chief. General Arunkumar Shridhar Vaidya, who was the brain behind Operation Bluestar involving military attack against the Sikh militants of darbar sahib. The anti-sikh tyrant Vaidya was eventually found and shot dead in 1986 by Sikh revenge death hit squad members bhai sukha and bhai jinda. We know general sinha gave information in his book that in 1983 he turned down the order to attack darbar sahib. We know the israeli trained nsg indian commando's were practicing on models of darbar sahib in UP around 1982-1983. General Sinha declined to take part in all coordinated plan to genocide Sikhs and thus was sidelined and refused promotion by the establishment. Generals Dyal, sunderji, vaidya and Brar wanted to prove themselves loyal dogs to the indira's government so agreed to attack darbar sahib instead. As the missing pieces of the jigsaw come together we see a clearer picture how deep a conspiracy the collusion this was to politically trap and then genocide the Sikhs on false pretexts they had created themselves. The uncomfortable truths may also uncover those dharmi militants that were hailed as hero's by the sangat for so many decades may have been part of the state military machinery of the indian establishment and either working as unwitting pawns or fully trained and hired R&AW agents to further accomplish the anti-sikh agenda at the time.
  14. https://www.sikhsangat.com/index.php?/topic/86055-the-pro-india-surya-magazine-article-sept-1984-edition-that-exposed-indias-role-in-pre-1984-punjab-violence/ check the link just created a new thread on it
  15. Saw this digitized version of the article on social media just now, its the sept 1984 edition of the surya indian magazine. Very important piece in Sikh history that exposed what Sikhs been saying all these years that it was the indira's congress government provoking violence using secret state agent provocateurs in order to create a pretext to attack darbar sahib and genocide the Sikhs in punjab. Apparently the journalist spoke to high level Indian military intelligence sources from the R&AW at the time only a few months after operation blue star.
  16. Anyone got any copies or of the 1980s indian surya magazine? I read some articles online that referenced the surya magazine that alleged to have journalist pieces from the indian military intelligence sources that exposed alot of secret governments schemes and crimes against the Sikhs.
  17. Depends what kinda khalistan we talking about if its vatican type city state khalistan then its viable and fair easy to implement right now and most Sikhs will be on board on the concept. If we talking about a huge khalistan outside the union of india then theres no chance at the current situation if be some miracle it was able to be created then yes it would collapse into a failed state without any infrastructure and governance sorted out first. The old boys gadar treacherous network would take over just as badals family took over akali dal and sgpc. So the most viable option of a city state khalistan within the indian union can work for both the indian establishment and for Sikh separatists. This is what they should have gone for in 1948 to 1960s when the akali's were campaigning for punjabi suba movement as we could have had an autonomous Sikh government outside the control of delhi that was able to have its own armed forces, economy, legislate and govern according to Sikhi. It could be created as a brand new city near vast lands with parse population or a small town/city that has the capacity to expand. Benefits would also draw in Sikh and non-sikh tourists from around the world benefiting not only india but khalistan too. It's outside of the box thinking by brave policy makers and wise politicians that can solve many of historical blunders and past mistakes india has made since its establishment.
  18. Dont really care if he is monah/ cuts his hair, drinks alcohol, etc,etc theres plenty of our own keshdhari amritdhari gadar's and so called outwardly turbanned Sikhs who are actually freemasons, christians and keshdhari hindus and narkdhari's. What matters to me is what this guy's policies are and what his agenda is. This policy of supporting a urduistan and islamic appeasement is going to switch off alot of Sikhs from his organisation.
  19. Indian muslims already got their homelands of pakistan and bangladesh in 1947 and 1971 if they dont like it in india they are free to seek refugee in those nations or any 50 muslim nations. To try gift them more nations out of what remains of dharmic lands is insane and suicidial idea for Sikhs as it would surround a tiny Sikh punjab to be called khalistan boxed in by muslims of so called "urdistan", kashmir and pakistan. Sikhs4Justice and pannu has lost their minds.
  20. Even though he is a puppet of the indian establishment. He knows that majority of Sikhs support khalistan in one form or another. Any one who wants his community to survive and have a voice in the world would be m0ronic or mad not to want a country to safeguard their community. Correct The punjabi hindu extremists from shiv sena punjab amoung others those who started the whole state movement against Sikhs are agents of the same indian establishment that took part in the lies and propaganda to demonise the Sikhs and their cause for justice and civil rights. 35,000 punjabi hindus murdered is the lie they spread. When government figures themselves shows less than 500 hindus were killed compared to 250,000 Sikhs dissappeared by the state.
  21. Our good old gadar boys from the sgpc and akali dal came to the rescue. The very ones that conspired with the indira congress indian govt to bring in the army while they saved their own lives. If akali dal wanted to they could have done a bandh of punjab and bring the state to its knee's and force the government to conceed to the demands but they were give incenstives back door sweet heart deals to keep quite and on board the system. So they are part and parcel of the system that oppresses Sikhs. Even hindus get oppressed by the indian state because if hindu's lived according to their own religious teachings and rights they would go against the laws of the indian parliament and so many of their new age guru's and swami's been imprisoned and in jail cos of crimes that are secular but in hinduism would not be considered crimes.
  22. If we could buy our own island and create our own state nation then it would be governed by a national parliament which can be overridden by the supreme religious authority which probably wouldn't be akal takht right now it would be another power structure that isn't in control of a foreign entity. Until akal takht and its jathedhar is not free from sgpc indian foreign control then its haukam rulings on Sikh religious and political affairs can't be trusted and ignored/ wont be followed as is the case these days. Legislation would probably be drawn up by constituency elected parliamentarians or sarbat khalsa panthic committee members. Lets imagine for a few minutes that in 1947 Sikh leaders had got their act together and united to create khalistan. In that khalistan they would have had to have implemented a democratic type system for the british rulers to have accepted it before withdrawing from the indian subcontinent. The chances that a pure Sikh theocratic state would have emerged would have been quite slim as most of the ruling elite within Sikh circles would have broke away and formed their own little kingdoms or joined the indian union, if they were not able to get power/status or secure their wealth in the new Sikh state. So most likely a more multicultural pluralistic Sikh state would have probably emerged though with strong emphasis of it being a Sikh nation. As for consequences of breaking Sikh law that would probably have been similar to what it was doing Sikh raj days. So for baptized khalsa Sikhs if they did major sins it would have been punishments of severity in accordance to gurmat and khalsa code of conduct. For Sikhs and non-sikhs alike national legislation's would apply which would get passed in parliament.
  23. UK is far from ideal its alot better than alot of places in the world but we can make a better society being realistic without thinking everything can come for free. So for example I listed the things which are possible above in my first post where the state can give everyone free houses or housing without anyone having to pay rent or mortgage and be homeless. If the state's benefactors the elites wanted to, they could easily release the capital necessary to make sure those who live in that nation be at least have the basic minimum for a person to survive in society so that they have no excuse to do crime such as drugs, prostitution, money laundering, robberies,etc,etc And yes political correctness culture has gone too far and is annoying now, it should not override truth culture. If we see a certain community doing xyz crime on consistent basis we should be allowed to call out that community without getting labelled as the ones in the wrong.
  24. So when people talk about we should have this and that in society and less of that how should society be geared in your ideal world if you could in-vision it and being realistic about it without having delusions that we can have everything perfectly. For me the ideal society would include: Free housing with land to grow own food Free health care Free education up to university level Rights to bare arms Minimum tax No budget spent on useless foreign wars for the interests of bankers and elites Universal basic income as a minimum for a person to survive in the state It can also apply to people wanting Khalistan what would we gain from khalistan that our people are not getting at the moment in indian union.
  25. Exactly bro, the reason why the british imperialists was so fearful of the Sikh empire and the last indian kingdom to be conquered was because of their economic system of governance and military derived from the Sikh faith. So once they had managed to wage war and take it over they then installed their christian missionaries all over the place to subdue the people. This is why I wrote the other thread what is the reason for all these missionaries? Its because its a continually of oppression of the same british empire system that enslaved the people in the first place and why the natives of punjab resisted christianity and resisted islam when they first came to the lands. The punjabi's are hot blooded they do not take kindly to oppressive regimes that steal from the people overtly or covertly. When general o'dwyer opened fire on the peaceful protestors at the jallinwala bagh it wasnt because he wanted to massacre people for the sake of it. He said in his own words he feared rebellion in punjab and so it was his way to crush it early on and teach the people a lesson not to rise up even if they was peaceful because he wanted to set an example that the rulers were willing to murder and genocide them. Similarly we saw what indira gandhi and her establishment did they did that because they feared punjab feared Sikhs they wanted to teach the rebelious Sikhs that they are in power and a genocide was their way of the same system of oppression to show them not to oppose their unjust rule. And if we go back to the examples of our Guru's our 6th guru built the sri akal takht sahib as a sovereign challenge to the brutal oppressive mughul rulers of the day. After the martyrdom of guru arjan sahib ji it was game on: (kar sewa and rebuilding of sri akal takht sahib after destruction of it by the indian state in 1980s) The original takht was a simple platform, 3.5 meters (11 ft.) high and stood a little taller than the Mughal Emperors throne in Red Fort Delhi intentionally as a statement about the soverignty of the Sikhs outside the other worldly Governments. Guru Hargobind Sahib would sit in court to receive petitions and administer justice. He was surrounded by insignia of royalty such as the parasol and the flywhisk. Many Sikhs gathered here for the redressal of their grievances. The Guru desired the Sikhs to bring arms and horses as part of their offerings in order to uphold the sovereignty of the Guru and the Sangat. This was readily done and some of them personally joined Darbar Sahibs armed gaurd. Here, Guru Hargobind Sahib watched the Sikhs performing exercises in the art of warfare. Th
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